URIBURU GOVERNMENT AND OIL
A ... historiography and popular tradition insists on the birth of the revolution of 06 September 1930, under the sign of oil. Oil and politics would be so inextricably linked in ushering in a coup ... the tradition of "oil shock" ... oil politics and the dictatorship of General José Félix Uriburu ... the reaction of the oil companies before the nationalization program of President Yrigoyen ... The relationship between the government and oil companies Uriburu ... the development of policy in the oil ... context of crisis of 1930 ... which ended with the conservative restoration.
... {A}
PERLITA
... (The) ... "righteous indignation" ... (of) ... traditional leaders to the radical regime "was supported by personal resentment against the horde of officials lower class who had taken positions they had occupied earlier in the councils of government ... (little) ... before the revolution, a man who from that time is very noticeable in the new government - Matías Sánchez Sorondo - said in the presence of a member of the Embassy, \u200b\u200bhe felt Yrigoyen at Government House as his listeners would have been with a black in the White House "(Source: USA, NA, DS, 835.00 Revolutions/12. Bliss to the Secretary of State, September 1930.)
... ... ... interests (the U.S.) and British are not allowed to express their relief at the fall of Yrigoyenist regime, above all ... (because) ... their replacements predicted ... a relationship ... (fruits) and normal in the context of insecurity that created the crisis ....
THE GOVERNMENT AND ITS RELATIONS WITH RADICAL (USA) GREAT BRITAIN AND
... ... 1927 had reached a new ambassador to ... (USA) ... ... 1928 Robert Woods Bliss, in full Ambassador campaign ... could not say what were the feelings of Yrigoyen ... to ... (USA), although "little doubt ... between Melo and Yrigoyen, the country and foreign interests would be much better served ... by the first and the prospects of a new government are daunting Yrigoyen "
...
... no ... diplomat reassured a skeptical tone radical nationalist agenda ... the petroleum and climate of hostility ... against ... (U.S. .)
... Bliss ... (and) ... your opinion about ... (Yrigoyen) and its future management was frankly pessimistic ... ... they could not expect favors from the new president and ... (USA) would find serious "obstacles in their legitimate business with this country. "
... ... (With Hoover) Yrigoyen ... (was) ... ... polite but firm in his criticism of the interventionist policy of ... (USA) and no ... change the ... (isolation) ... (of) ... foreign policy. One thing was to respond kindly cables and answer phone calls ...
{"The men are sacred to people and nations are sacred to people."}
... and another fall in the Pan American Games White House.
... ... 1930 ... relations (arrived) at full power ... (this) ... did not, ... the question of oil ... but discriminatory tariff policy and ... (U.S.) ... and there were similar measures ... ... in the 20s, the famous 'Howley Smoot Tariff' ... June 1930 ... The outpouring of protest and unrest spread to different economic groups.
...
YRIGOYEN AND BRITAIN
... the British capital was concerned about the return to power of the old chief, "is hated and feared by all who have interests in the country (the British ambassador Sir Malcolm Robertson, June 1927).
... ... not ignoring ... the peculiar attitude exhibited by British oil companies in front of radicalism projects ....
... ... ... the British trade mission headed by Lord D'Abernon found the end of 1929 ... ... (in) ... ... Yrigoyen host more than cordial ... ...
has been suggested that this shift in favor of Yrigoyen Britain was a way to counter the growing penetration of American ... and the role of the British as an obstacle to her ... ...
(Ambassador Robertson to Foreign Office) ... "The current government ... is ... scared by economic penetration ... (USA), fear that shares most of the public ... ... The reasons are obvious: the Monroe Doctrine armed intervention in Central America, the history of Panama, the tariff policy of ... (USA) ... ... I am more than convinced that the president and the majority of thinking people ... fear ... (USA) but trust us ... This is our chance. "
... ... (but) ... some action ... in order ... economic closure of the Currency Board in late 1929, angered the British.
...
The new British ambassador Sir Ronald Mackey ... June 1930 ... (had) a more rigid position ... ...
... the fall of the government ... was held in terms auspicious by the British Chamber of Commerce.
AGAINST REVOLUTION ... (USA) GREAT BRITAIN AND
... the overthrow of Irigoyen was seen ... as an auspicious event ... (USA). The 'New York Times' ... "Yrigoyen fought the purposes of the ... (USA). Washington expects more cooperation from the new regime. President ... (Yrigoyen) ... refused to appoint a representative here ... FIGHT AGAINST THE MONROE DOCTRINE "
{Coming of those who come, as an Argentine, I am proud of the deposed}
... ... the members of new government ... most flamboyant officers was linked to foreign domestic companies at a rate and intensity such that ... was ... a formidable security guarantee.
himself ... (Uriburu) ..., which characterized ... "patriotic fervor, nobility, chivalry, absolute unselfishness, the Hispanic concept of honor" ... described by his cousin Carlos
Ibarguren ... ... ... According
data ... (of) ... 1928/29 ... (Uriburu) ... along with Carlos Ibarguren served on the board of Bank Finance and Mandates, ... representing German interests ... ... ... accompanied by ..., Carlos Meyer Pellegrini.
...
(Ibarguren and Meyer) ... ... a nationalist, conservative, the other ... (Auditors in Cordoba and Buenos Aires), charges he resigned) ... Ibarguren ... by 1930 ... (chair) Argentine Bank Finance and mandates, was director of the "Insurance Company The Germano Argentina 'which included ... Ernesto Padilla and Meyer Pellegrini.
(Meyer) ... business and social interests, by 1930, ... an impressive list, was president: 'Compañía Argentina de Electricidad', 'Argentina Trustee Company', 'Company Thyssen lametal', 'Germanic Bank South America ', director for 'English Banco Rio de la Plata' ... (with Sanchez Sorondo, consultant), 'Insurance Company The Germano Argentina', 'Transradio' international telecommunications company (with Horacio Beccar Varela), 'General Company Capitalization La Esmeralda '; trustee corporations' La Margarita 'and Treuhand Management Society and Mandate', integrating the Rural Society and the Federation of Industry Commerce, was a member ... Arms Circle, Jockey Club, Jockey Club Argentino, and Teutonic Club German Club.
... (With) ... like history or London or Washington ... (took) ... seriously nationalist revolutionary movement that was attributed to ... (the) ... ...
general Uriburu ... ... both the U.S. government as the British ... (were) willing ... (to) ... recognition ... a government that promises and formulated so sure that was so directly interested in meeting them.
... ... Bliss ... (U.S. Ambassador) ... "Yrigoyen drop ... can be described as a restoration rather than ... a Revolution ... (the new administration) is unquestionably more popular civil or military, a constitutionalist movement born unconstitutionally "
...
The ... (USA) ... not left to feel a deep relief with the fall of Yrigoyen.
THE ECONOMIC CRISIS OF 1929
The crisis that hit ... (as) world ... ... was ... in its origins, an American made ... was exported to Europe ... especially in Germany, Austria and Great Britain ... more than predicted no major difficulties for those whose economy rested ... in the export of raw materials and food ...
France, Germany ..., (USA) ... created since 1929, insurmountable obstacles to imports of agricultural products and livestock ... 1932, ... Great Britain ... (started ) ... a policy of protectionism which would seriously affect imperial ... ... ...
Argentine products ... ... The triangular relationship of capital, goods and transport linked to Argentina, ... (U.S.) and Britain not only meant the breakdown of the traditional ... ('Friendship') Anglo-Argentina ... (And) ... the impossibility of replacing it with a similar ... to ... (USA).
... And the crisis had arrived ... (mid) ... 1928 was a sudden exodus of capital ... the amount of exports ... (decreased) severely ... the value of the peso began to fall and capital stressed ... its ... ( withdrawal) ... The closure of the Currency Board ... December 1929, tended to slow the drain of gold to the outside.
... ..., the government obtained an immediate Uriburu support of financial and economic circles natives ... (or) ... foreigners, eager to alleviate their loans, the situation in Argentina.
... ... Argentina ... (was) ... one of the few nations ... that was forced to suspend payment of its foreign debt ... ...
The crisis was ... the working class ... down ... the real wages increased unemployment ... ... (and) ... the unprecedented persecution that the government made labor organizations ... a business offensive to the detriment of their rights and achievements ... ... reappeared with greater virulence.
"THE SMELL OF OIL"
{The author tries to point out hesitantly as they do, but not so much, who has followed so far this chronic notice that s it was not the only trigger, not less influence. The dilemma certainly understand that the 1930 coup had "smell of oil '}
... one thing is to deny the oil purely ... (hit) and another state that had nothing to do with oil, fruit plot a heterogeneous political and economic forces seem to have in common only their furious antiyrigoyenismo, the regime harbored in Septembrina ... its members ... to oil interests. If we review the list of his ministers ... (be evident) ... their links with companies ... ...
THE OIL CRISIS
the late 20s, the oil industry had to face ... : ... overproduction and falling prices ... to an end ... frankly alarming for companies ... ... 1927, world production grew by 17% ... Stored stocks reached unprecedented levels ... ... The situation worsened in 1930 ... following the economic crisis ... ... The blockbuster ... ... (and) ... a competition ... launched further reinforced the big companies in two ways: global cartelization and conservation policy ... (USA).
THE FORMATION OF OIL CARTEL
... 1927 ... a price war between the 'Royal Dutch Shell' and 'Standard Oil' ... This ... had agreed to sell oil ... (Russian) in India ... (the opposition) ... of Sir Henry Deterding (Shell) ... (and) ... the ... (ownership) ... (equipment) ... of Production of 'Shell' in the Caucasus.
The 'Shell' said a price war in India to evict the 'Standard Oil' ... The war spread to Europe and ... (USA) ... soon to emerge attempts to agreements ... slow down a competition that threatened ... their profits.
... end of 1928 the 'Shell', a 'Standard' ... and 'Anglo Persian' reached a settlement ... (share) ... the market in India. It was the first step towards cartelization ... 1928 Walter C. Deterding invited Teagle ('Standard') and ... Lord John Cadman ('Anglo Persian'), Achanacarry Castle in Scotland ... ... The three companies controlled over 50% of total sales and ... was time to agree ... was Achanacarry Convention ... ( o) 'Pool Association of 17 September, 1928. " The agreement covered the whole world except for ... (USA) Russia ...
(Basically the agreement was: accept percentage volume and current and future projection, most common use of facilities for children costs, development of facilities and rationalized to avoid duplication of these, the production would retain the geographical advantages. In sum agreed to cease competition and unify the offer)
The poster was cut ... ... growing competition, freezing the market and combining their facilities to present a united front against companies that seek to enter new markets; against which reduced prices ... (or) ... another disturbance.
Growing ... (e) production of control ... ... (USA) ... (to be) ... adjust the terms of the agreement Achanacarry from an attempt to control another production ... aimed at ... (share) markets.
The three companies discussed ... the implementation of quotas, except in ... (USA). Agreed ... (he) ... right to the national market share they controlled in 1928. It was agreed ... to provide the markets since the nearest sources of supply. They also agreed to ... to ... a more economical use of tankers ... Finally, the system established the "Gulf Plus" to fix prices.
... 1930 the 'Royal Dutch Shell', the 'Standard Oil' ... and 'Anglo Persian' ... come to a new set of "Principles" in the "Memorandum For European Markets' ... (for) ... to promote production programs for the bid ... not exceed demand. They also set quotas for the sale of kerosene, naphtha and diesel ... (Europe).
IN ... (USA): CONSERVATION
The increased production ... (USA) and ... the possible shortage of reserves ... (future) ... led ... to find ways to control the production and avoid waste ... there was a problem ...: antitrust laws ... (USA) ...
{Note that the 'Cartel' goes beyond logic search for a rationalization of the effectiveness and progress not only on consumers but also on developing countries where reserves were located
}
... 1924, President Calvin Coolidge created the 'Federal Oil Conservation Board' ... (by) ... over-production and long-term shortages ... ...
... 'Standard Oil '... defined for its subsidiaries, the policy of acquiring concessions where ... (not) ... could get control of the whole structure of how to regulate the production ... ... (and) ... demand.
... ... 1929 ... President Herbert Hoover ... (is maintained) ... control ... (production) and the oil states ... {} should say the companies agreed to the setting of quotas for independent production ... producers resisted to comply ... and ... Texas ... (turned) ... a military intervention to enforce ... ...
... President Hoover refused new permits searches on public land ...
{
came as radicalism in Argentina}
... (and) ... found (Hoover) the idea of \u200b\u200breaching federal regulation of production, urged refineries to shorten the work week to reduce ... stock and ... (set) ... a protective tariff to curb imports of raw ...
was the only place in the world was covered with the words "As-is" phantom freight and implicit}
... The policy of control of production ... tended to become more price agreement on measures aimed at conservation.
THE PRIVATE SECTOR OF THE OIL INDUSTRY TO ARGENTINA 1927
... ... number of companies that exploited concessions ... (were) ... thirteen, of these ... the 'Standard' ... (USA) ... (with) ... five ... subsidiaries of British and Anglo-Dutch: the 'Railroad', the 'Industrial and Commercial Oil', the 'Headset', the 'Eastern Petroleum and Finance' and group 'Koster' ... 'Astra' represented an intricate interweaving of Argentine and foreign capital. Unless the company 'Challaco' ... the rest of the domestic companies were more or less parasitic structures that ... (charged) ... Stock ... (a) ... foreign companies ... (and) ... to exploit their privileged privileged mining properties ... ( to be close to) ... ... wealth tax reserves proven.
... ... the 'Standard' ... (operating) in ... Argentina ... (from) ... 1908 ... 1911 ... only in its subsidiary begins operations the 'West Indian Oil Co.' In the Argentine market ... acquires the 'National Oil Company' and begin to refine crude oil imported into the country. Its entry into our sites ... (was) ... in the early 20s ... Even before organized as a corporation ... Went to obtain concessions ... in areas of proven reserves ... ... Comodoro Rivadavia, Plaza Huincul and Salta. In Neuquén ... buy a ... 'Challaco' part of searches and their valuable belongings. Comodoro Rivadavia E gets transfers between 1918 and 1922 ... In the North enters Salta and Jujuy (associated with the wits' Leach Argentine Estates ') ... the Campana refinery in Puerto Galván adds another ... and another ... in Salta ...
British and Anglo-Dutch group is headed by ... the' Royal Dutch 'the' Anglo Persian. "
... the 'Royal Dutch' ... their interest was a ... empire centered on oil concessions in Europe and the U.S., Mexico, Venezuela, Romania, the Dutch East Indies and Sarawak.
... in ... Argentina ... the 'Royal Dutch' opera ... (with) ... more subsidiaries 'Tiara', 'Torch', 'Ruby', 'Pearl' and 'Bright' ... get ... searches in Comodoro Rivadavia, Santa Cruz and Mendoza (Malargue) ...
The Anglo Persian ... ever ... (is stated) ... in the Argentine market ... was invited to invest in the country by the brothers Dodero ... (and) is organized in London on 'Union Dodero' and a subsidiary of the ... ('Anglo') ... the 'Industrial and Commercial Company Oil '... The' Anglo 'get ... Neuquén concessions, Santa Cruz and Chubut ... its chairman Sir Charles Greenway came to Argentina in 1925 to manage an extension ... (of) ... concessions (failed and attempted) ... form a 'trust' with 'Astra' (failed, however) ... the 'Anglo 'and' Astra '... (agreed) ... jointly operate the distillery' Ithaca '(Bell) ... (the' Anglo ') ended up leaving the country ... ... ...
Koster Group ... represented by the companies' Solano' 'Sirius', 'Chubut' and 'Aldebaran' ... originally Dutch capital ... then associated with British capital through the 'Commodore Oil and Transport' ...
The 'Eastern Petroleum and Finance' British capital ... ... (attached) to the ... 'British Burmah' ... (with) ... ... in Chubut property ... (finally) ... is associated with the 'Astra' ... (and) ... the company organizes both 'East'.
The 'Astra' ... Argentine capital initially end up tying a network of interests and capital from various sources ... in 1921 ... (it is taken over by) ... the 'trust' German 'Deustsche Eradoel Geselischat ...' ... through ... 'International Petroleum of Zurich', built the first private oil pipeline in Comodoro Rivadavia.
ARGENTINA: THE PROJECT OF NATURALIZATION AND THE FORMATION OF OIL FROM
.. end of 1927 ... the House of Representatives had given preliminary approval to the proposed nationalization of the oil monopoly and promoted ... by ... (the radical) with the support of ... (independent socialism) ... leaving however, subsisting private concessions ... burdened by a royalty of 10%. The reaction was joining the company ... ... (in) ... a front against the nationalization ... (12.1926/03.1927) ... they join the Industrial Union of Argentina, the 'Astra', 'Standard', 'Company Challaco', 'National Company Oil ',' Tiara '...' Refinery Isaura '...' The Republic '("Jersey Standard"), ...' East '... (with) significant absences:' Galena Signal Oil '...' Texaco ' and ... 'Vacuun' ... (and) the British production company British Rail ...
... ... ... the fact that rivals are united ... to pressure the Argentine government, reveals that the oil nationalization project involved a serious enough threat to depose commercial antagonisms ... ... proposed repeal the decrees of ... (1/10/1924) who created a tax reserve ... (of) 32 million hectares and adopt legislation that "protects and promotes the interests of private industry ... "(and therefore considered it a threat and) ... a profound sense of insecurity so deep that ... (in 1925) ... do not hesitate to suggest to the Senate the possibility of expropriation as an alternative to staying with their grants frozen and burdened by a royalty of 10% ...
{
another way of assessing the proposal is aimed at making it uneconomical unviable resolved by Deputies also sought to reduce the royalties}
... (by the author) ... preferred average expropriation sanction of 1927 ... the expropriation could be a good deal or a headache ... The companies adopted a preventive strategy ... (increasing) in several million authorized capital ... ...
{
through history the companies never seriously considered heartily accept compensation and in fact the oil was a source of wars and armed interventions
}
... ... the companies betting on the conservative Senate ... confident that the opposition-dominated Senate, rejected the state monopoly publications ... By 1930 ... ... (the) private sector began a campaign ... (on) a possible reservoir depletion Comodoro Rivadavia. It was not a new theme, and ... had warned in 1927 to discourage ... ... (the) proposal
nacionalizadota ... ... ... Fallen
Uriburu Yrigoyen and enthroned the downward trend of production ... be reversed quickly, very quickly indeed ... Fallen Yrigoyen and filed the draft state monopoly the site of Comodoro Rivadavia mysteriously regained productivity.
... BREAKING THE FRONT AND THE OIL CRISIS IN ARGENTINA
Falling Yrigoyen favored companies, and would not talk about oil monopoly ... The dictatorship of Uriburu ... (Promised) ... more friendly treatment.
Just when the picture began to clear ... the oil front was shattered and the companies ended up opposing ...: the producer ... (against) ... the producers / importers and importing ... missing the threat (nationalization) ... the competition for the domestic market was accentuated ...
... to the low international price of oil ... trusts manufacturers / importers, importing firms ... (the 'Standard') flooded the market with crude and fuel oil imports. The Argentine market was ideal for the 'Cartel', a producer (not self-supply) and ... one of the largest markets in Latin America. The agreement provided Achanacary ... (that to) the excess of oil ... (be placed) in other markets at competitive prices and that's exactly what they did ... ...
Some production companies raised their voice against the flood of imported crude and do not hesitate ... (speak) ... of 'dumping' ... in 1932 ... (got) ... ...
protective tariffs
{
{
now state intervention did not bother to at least one the sides}
...
GOVERNMENT OIL POLICY URIBURU
Yrigoyen's fall and the resignation of Mosconi ... involving the liquidation of nationalization program and oil monopoly ... It was well known that the new government bury definitely the question ... ...
... 19 September the new Minister of Agriculture, Beccar Horacio Varela, putting in office the Director Genera ... YPF. had been clear on the subject ...: "... the oil problem must be approached with discretion ... serene, without haste and without harm ... the current government intends to defer their resolution to be addressed by those who replace them. The new law ... must be the result of a study ... of specialists trying to bring the high interests of the nation ... in the provinces, with well-understood interests of commerce and industry.
... has stressed time and again that the key was that the revolutionary government was floating in oil.
never had such lofty company direct spokesmen in government circles ... like now.
's cabinet seemed Uriburu the local board of a multinational company ... representatives of U.S. economic interests, German and British ... only none of them represented oil interests ...
... Agriculture Minister ... (with your) relationship with the oil industry ... ( el) ... dr. Horacio Varela Beccar lawyer linked to 'Flirts National City Bank', and therefore the interests of Morgan ... ... (also director) of the 'Compania Argentina de Comodoro Rivadavia' associated with 'British Railways', oil company 'River Atuel '; ... the company' Sol '(' Anglo Persian '), had been president .... Local 'Galena Signal Oil' ...
Foreign Minister, Ernesto Bosch, had presided over ... the 'Industrial and Commercial Company of Oil' ('Anglo Persian') ... also chairman of 'The SA Agricultural and Scandinavia Livestock '.
Octavio S. Pico, Public Works Minister of Interior then was director of the 'Compania Argentina de Comodoro Rivadavia' (Railroad Oil) ... (And) ... President of the 'Andean Oil Company. "
The chief of staff, Lt. Col. Emilio Kinkelin ... ... ... representative of German oil capital ... (Hugo Stinnes, connected to) ... insurance ... (related) with the 'Standard Oil' ... (to) ... transfer their searches in Comodoro Rivadavia (1925 / 6) ...
Interior Minister, Mathias G. Sanchez Sorondo ... (with) ... close relations with a 'Standard'. This had appointed with Romulus and Manuel Naón Augusto Montes de Oca, lawyers for the company in litigation with the province of Salta ... was also the director ... "Argentina Commercial and Financial Franco."
President's Office ... whose relatives were related to the 'Standard', depicted mostly German financial interests ... Ibarguren and Meyer Carlos Pellegrini, ... were ... personeros German capital.
... There is no doubt that oil companies had secured a prime influence ...
THE PROVISIONAL GOVERNMENT E YPF.
Falling Yrigoyen and withdrawal left Mosconi YPF. ... At a disadvantage and hard about the government ..., where hostile interests moved to the distribution.
...
Mosconi had made ... (YPF.) a powerful economic organization in order to impose their views and assert their rights against the government itself ... a true power factor within the State ... I could not easily be dispensed s opinion Once all measures were taken on hydrocarbons.
... ... (Produced the beat) ... tried to justify ordering an investigation ... of the deposed government. The oil interests put special emphasis on discrediting the work of Mosconi, complained that ... be extended to the distribution. Was available ... the creation of a commission of inquiry ...
research was directed especially against Mosconi ... arrested and ... (secure) ... closely.
The ... (09/10/1930), however, the interim government approved the budget ... (YPF.) as they had arranged ... (Mosconi), and no more was said about the matter.
... The new director general, Captain Philip Flies ... an oil magazine 'World Petroleum' ... (it) felt ... like ... in favor of the 'American interests' ... (his second) ... ... Allaria general, was at least one transaction with YPF., was known for his friendship and sympathy Mosconi ... of nationalist spirit untarnished, he had clashed with the 'Standard' ... and (was) a member of the "Alliance Continental."
...
Flies To replace ... (is) ... appoints Henry Zimmerman fervent nationalist ... again reign in YPF., The spirit that had been imposed Mosconi.
{
an assumption, by my own: the author - who is not naive - uses a style that raises the critical reader, as well as what it says, uses what it says. Can obviously be a ploy to put a defender of YPF. at the head of the company to fail since all government policies are targeted at meeting the demand of the 'Cartel', which are meticulously detailed.}
ZIMMERMAN, YPF. AND THE FIGHT AGAINST COMPANIES
The situation in Salta was ... one of the most contentious and difficult to solve. The overthrow of radicalism and consequently the fall of Governor Cornejo allowed the 'Standard' ... strengthen its position ... ... YPF decided to face once again denouncing their activities ... the ... (31/03/1931) goes to the Ministry of Agriculture requesting ... the cancellation of concessions and permits to build an oil pipeline in northern Argentina ... ... parallel ... get ... (the) ... approval of the agreement that the company has signed with Skip to explore and exploit deposits of ... (the) province in exchange a royalty of 13% ... (A trend later disappeared) ... The Comptroller Federal, Erasmo Martínez, and 'Standard' with the permission of the Minister Arias ... culminated in November ... an arrangement that largely favored the company ... (he remembered) ... "A ROYALTY OF 10% IN LIEU OF ALL TAXES FOR THIRTY YEARS "(Source: U.S.., NA., DS., 8356363/361. White to Secretary of State 11/12/1931) ..." If this arrangement becomes effective remedy a long controversy and will be a great relief to the 'Standard' ... and provincial authorities have RECOGNIZED THE VALIDITY OF THE RIGHTS OF THE COMPANY, all that remains in court should be of secondary importance "(same source).
The 'Standard' ... had triumphed in every respect. To cushion the reaction of the financial YPF in Salta ... ... the decree extended ... (15/10/1929) forbidding searches ... den the reserve area ... In addition, YPF. pay a royalty of 13%, the 'Standard' only 10% and was also tax exempt.
...
The ... (12/04/1931) ... the Provisional Government, in agreement of Ministers decided to annul ... (Salta-'Standard Conventions') ... alleging that the Comptroller had exceeded his duties. There was no such ... (because) ... had been ... (driven) ... by the minister of Agriculture, David M. Arias, ... (the reaction of YPF and social and economic sectors led the decline)
... ... the generator Allaria (second from YPF, denounced in writing Uriburu) ... to the controller in its negotiations with the ... ('Standard ') was ... (done) ... "enormities that are not acceptable to agree ... searches expired according to the Code ... the pipeline agreed (with the' Standard ') are another enormity, are true transportation pipelines that will compete and void rail "...
{
first is for transport but why else serve the pipelines? It also states the damage to railroads - English and competitive capital - which in turn were asserting their rate in the transport of strategic goods - in this case oil - to defend their interests. Also remember that the 'Standard' sought a Bolivian oil and through that nation's managed the construction of a pipeline under the government of Yrigoyen, Mosconi had refused and instead suggested that YPF. build it so it was not accepted by Bolivia. But Allaria, nationalist military with friendship and Baldrich Mosconi, a member of the Continental Alliance, in 1931 as second in command of YPF. the bid was in the North, with the 'Standard' and uses a tactical turn English interests include a government sensitive and careful not to alienate those interests. Finally remember that war would break out in 1932 between Bolivia and Paraguay, which would be outside the 'Standard' or 'Royal Dutch'. It is my inference is that all about or taken into account in its complaint Allaria}
... ... - December 1931 - proposed tariff measures that hurt ... ... the interests of large import ... ... (Zimmerman's actions and Allaria had succeeded) in Buenos Aires ... reduce sales of gasoline of the 'Standard' and 'Royal Dutch' who came together to report and complain of 'monopoly' of YPF.
ASPECTS OF THE PROVISIONAL GOVERNMENT OIL POLITICAL
... (the government) ... did not intend to enact substantive legislation on oil ... ... (leaving it) ... the future government in a veiled constitutional ... ... ( hinted) ... ... the nationalization was not included in the agenda ... the government ... The Provisional Government ... (Thought) ... to be respected freedom of trade in oil ... ... request of the 'Standard' ... (and Ambassador) ... dictated a decree facilitating the entry, until then locked, the suppliers 'Wayne' ... (a while there was a government-business arm wrestling by customs duties on crude oil, which eventually rose $ 5, - ... $ 16 - to $ 21.68 a ton).
... "CHANGING COURSE?
... April 1931 ... a revolutionary reorganization of the cabinet. Beccar Minister Varela is replaced by David M. ... Arias, Octavio S. ... Pico ... Public Works ... to Interior Public Works ... ... Pablo Calatayud. The input and Calatayud Arias said the influence of ... (USA) and the government ... (Calatayud) was a senior manager of 'Firestone' ... (Arias) ... would be ... (one of the main culprits) ... Conventions between Salta and the 'Standard' ...
... (7/19/1931) on new Minister of Agriculture ... in a meaningful discourse ... "In terms of oil ... the country will significantly alter the course of policy to be continued until today. Much of Chubut, Santa North Cruz, ... Neuquén, Tierra del Fuego ... ... ... La Pampa and Black River are areas that have been closed to private initiative, all without reservations ... in Salta, Jujuy and Mendoza ... contrasts the magnitude of these reserves to insignificance really exploited areas ... "... and Minister Arias was promising a review ... the benefit of the companies ..." We must encourage private initiative. Is necessary ... the cooperation of private capital. Should be terminated ... all thrown into the flight fantasies for gimmicky "... no other requirement that the payment of royalties.
The vision of the new minister, YPF was operating as a "private company" free of any official support or encouragement. The state turned away from s own creation ... The program ... (of) ... Arias seemed modeled on that sponsored the oil companies ... in the case of Salta provisional government gave conditions under which payment of a royalty would be outweighed by other franchises and concessions he was willing to lavish hand over fist ...
Press said "delighted" the speech and the promises of the minister ...
SOURCE
Fernando Garcia Molina, Carlos A May
Editor Latin American Center
1985, Buenos Aires
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